Items where Division is "Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics > School of Chemistry" and Year is 2020

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ADEBISI, E.U and Sosanya, P.A (2020) Physicochemical and Antimicrobial Properties of Soap Produced from Momordica Charantia Seed Oil and Palm Kernel Oil. Journal of Women in Technical Education and Employment, 1 (2). pp. 78-85. ISSN 2734-3227

AJAYI, A (2020) EFFECT OF VARIOUS DRYING TEMPERATURES ON THE PROXIMATE COMPOSITION AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF HIGH QUALITY CASSAVA. Global Scientific Journals, 8 (12). pp. 101-113. ISSN 2320-9186

Abiaziem, C. V and ADEBISI, E.U (2020) Extraction and Characterisation of Wax from Cassava Bagasse by FT-IR, UV-Vis and SEM. Journal of Environmental Science, Computer Science and Engineering & Technology, 9 (1). pp. 94-100. ISSN 2278–179X

Abiaziem, C. V and Oguntade, B.K. (2020) ECO-FRIENDLY SYNTHESIS OF SILVER NANOPARTICLES USING ACALYPHA WILKESIANA (RED ACALYPHA) LEAF EXTRACT AND ITS ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITY. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro.

Abiaziem, C. V and Williams, A. B. and Inegbenebor, A. I. and Onwordi, C.T. and Ehi-Eromosele, C. O. and Petrik, L. F. (2020) Cellulose nanocrystals prepared from sugarcane peel: A potential polymer material for acid fuel cells. In: H2FC Supergen Hydrogen Conference 2020 University of Nottingham, 17th – 18th February, 2020, H2FC Supergen Hydrogen Conference 2020 University of Nottingham.

Abiaziem, C. V and williams, A. B. and Inegbenebor, A. I. and Onwordi, C.T. and Ehi-Eromosele, C. O. and Petrik, L. F. (2020) ISOLATION AND CHARACTERISATION OF CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTAL OBTAINED FROM SUGARCANE PEEL. RASAYAN JOURNAL, 13 (1). pp. 177-187. ISSN ISSN: 0974-1496 | e-ISSN: 0976-0083

Abubakar, Z and OLABIMTAN, RASHEEDAT O and Ngari, A. Z and Adegboyo, O. O. and Samuel, F. A and Bashir, M. A (2020) Development of Low-Density Polyethylene-Sand Composite Bricks via Thermal Degradation of used Sachet Water Bags. International Journal of Academic and Applied Research, 4 (3). pp. 15-23. ISSN 2643-9603

Adebowale, Olalekan J. and Taylor, J. R and De Kock, H. L (2020) Stabilization of wholegrain sorghum flour and consequent potential improvement of food product sensory quality by microwave treatment of the kernels. Food Science and Technology. pp. 1-9.

Adeniji, A.A and kumoye, D. E. (2020) Effects of Incorporated Green Manure and Inorganic Fertilizer on Amaranth (Amaranthus Caudatus. L) Vegetable. International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (IJTSRD), 4 (6). pp. 1414-1419. ISSN 2456 – 6470

Adepoju, A. B and Johnson, A. T. (2020) Home Grown School Feeding Program in Nigeria: Its Nutritional Value and Anthropometry Assessment of School Age Children in Ilaro, Ogun State. FEPI-JOPAS, 2 (2). pp. 23-37.

Adesipe-Olugbemi, Iyanuoluwa Temidayo and OMOTAYO, OLAKUNLE (2020) Biogenic Synthesis and Primary Characterization of Silver Nanoparticles Using Aqueous Extract of Unripe Banana Peel; In Vitro Assessment on Antioxidant and Antibacterial Properties. Tropical Journal of Natural Product Research, 4 (11). pp. 990-994. ISSN 2616-0684

Adewunmi, H.O and Agwo, E. O (2020) 2021 O. H. Adewunmi & E. O. Agwo THE EFFECT OF NUTRITIONAL STATUS ON EXCLUSIVE BREASTFEEDING KNOWLEDGE AMONG MOTHERS IN ILARO TOWN. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro.

Afolayan, Olubisola Arike and Olanrewaju, Mary Anuoluwapo and Kayode, Omowumi Titilola and Kayode, Azeez Abideen Abolanle (2020) Assessment of Heavy Metals in NPK-Treated and Untreated Sugarcane Juice Cultivated in Papalanto, Ogun State, Nigeria. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science (IJRIAS), 5 (2). ISSN 2454-6194

Afolayan, Olubisola Arike and Olanrewaju, Mary Anuoluwapo and Kayode, Omowumi Titilola and Kayode, Azeez Abideen Abolanle (2020) Assessment of Heavy Metals in NPK-Treated and Untreated Sugarcane Juice Cultivated in Papalanto, Ogun State, Nigeria. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Applied Science, 5 (2). pp. 62-64. ISSN ISSN 2454-6194

Agwo, E. O and Adewunmi, Hameedat (2020) Nutritional Status and Exclusive Breastfeeding Knowledge among Working (Breastfeeding) Mothers in Ilaro Town. In: NSE Ilaro Branch, 1st National Conference, Ilaro, 2-3 November, 2020., 2-3 November, 2020., NSE Ilaro Branch, 1st National Conference, Ilaro..

Agwo, E. O and Akoja, S.S. (2020) EFFECT OF SALT APPLICATIONS ON SOME FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF BAMBARA GROUNDNUT (VIGNA SUBTERRANEA) SEED FLOOR. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro.

Agwo, E. O and Akoja, S.S. (2020) Food Habit and Nutritional Status of Adolescent Students in some selected Public Secondary Schools in Ilaro Town. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro.

Ajayi, Adebola (2020) The Effects of Drying Methods on the Proximate Composition, Functional Properties and Sensory Evaluation of Fufu Flour. International Journal of Research Publication, 1 (8). pp. 78-84. ISSN 2582-7421

Ajayi, Adebola (2020) The Effects of Freezing and Smoking on the Proximate Composition of Fresh Catfish (ClariasGariepinus). International Journal of Research Publication, 1 (8). pp. 74-77. ISSN 2582-7421

Ajayi, Adebola (2020) MINERAL CONTENT OF VERNONIA AMYGDALINA LEAVES (BITTER LEAF). Global Scientific Journal, 8 (12). pp. 244-249. ISSN 2320-9186

Akinlade, O. O and Obi, G. C. and Lawanson, A. A. (2020) MORINGA: A POTENTIAL SUBSTITUTE TO ANTIBIOTICS AND DIETARY SUPPLEMENT IN BROILER PRODUCTION- A REVIEW. In: NIGERIAN SOCIETY FOR ANIMAL PRODUCTION (NSAP) 45TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE - BAUCHI 2020 BOOK OF PROCEEDINGS, 2020, Bauchi.

Alagamba, E. A. and Noah, Abimbola A. (2020) UTILIZATION OF INDIGENOUS FRUIT PEELS IN FORMULATION OF AFFORDABLE FUNGAL CULTURE MEDIA. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro.

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BUOYE, P. A. (2020) DECENTRALIZATION MODEL FOR LOCAL COOPERATIVE SOCIETY OPERATIONS USING COMPUTER TECHNOLOGY. In: 2nd International Conference, Virtual, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro.

Babatunde, R.A. and Odunaike, R. K. and Talabi, A. T. and Adeleke, A. T. (2020) Synthesis and characterization of ZnSe thin films deposited by thermal vacuum evaporation method for photovoltaic application. Applied Journal Environmental and Engineering Science.. pp. 227-237.

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FAFIOYE, ABISOYE and OMOTAYO, OLAKUNLE (2020) Protective Role of Methanolic Extract of Gomphrena Celosioides Leaves on Acidified Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcer in Male Wistar Rats. Journal of Women in Technical Education and Employment (JOWITED), 1 (1). pp. 90-99. ISSN 2734-3227

Fatunmbi, E. O. and Badru, J. O. and Oke, A.S (2020) Magneto-Reactive Jeffrey Nanofluid Flow over a Stretching Sheet with Activation Energy, Nonlinear Thermal Radiation and Entropy Analysis. In: NSE Ilaro Branch, 1st National Conference, Ilaro, 2-3 November, 2020., 2-3 November, 2020., NSE Ilaro Branch, 1st National Conference, Ilaro..

Francis, Olawale Abulude and Oluwagbayide, Samuel Dare and Akinnusotu, Akinyinka (2020) ASSESSMENT OF RAINWATER QUALITY OBTAINED FROM A SUBURBAN AREA IN NIGERIA BASED ON THE PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROPERTIES. Techno-Science, 3 (2). pp. 50-58. ISSN 2651-3722

faparusi, Foluso (2020) COMPARATIVE STUDIES OF BACTERIA ASSOCIATED WITH SELECTED PUBLIC MALE AND FEMALE TOILETS DOOR HANDLES WITHIN FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC ILARO. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro.

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Ilelaboye, N.O.A and JESUSINA, T.I (2020) Proximate Composition, Functional Properties and Sensory Evaluation of Cracker Biscuit from Okara Fortified Plantain-Sorghum Flour Blend. Journal of Women in Technical Education and Employment (JOWITED), 1 (1). pp. 17-27. ISSN 2734-3227

Ilelaboye ,, N.O.A. and Ede, D. (2020) Growth Performance, Proximate Composition and Mineral Content of African Giant Land Snails (Archachatina marginata) fed Formulated Diet using Quail Droppings Meal as Protein Source. In: Federal Polytchnic Oko, Anambra State Nigeria, 15th - 16th December, 2020, The Federal Polytechnic, Oko..

Ilelaboye ,, N.O.A. and JESUSINA, T.I (2020) PROXIMATE COMPOSITON, ENERGY VALUE AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF INSTANT PLANTAIN – BREADFRUIT COMPOSITE FLOUR. In: 2nd International Conference, Virtual, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro.

Ilelaboye ,, N.O.A. and JESUSINA, T.I (2020) PROXIMATE COMPOSITON, ENERGY VALUE AND FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES OF INSTANT PLANTAIN – BREADFRUIT COMPOSITE FLOUR. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro.

Ilelaboye ,, N.O.A. and JESUSINA, T.I (2020) Proximate Composition, Functional Properties of Okara Fortified Plantain- Sorghum Flour Blend and Sensory Evaluation of Chinchin. FEPIJOPAS, 2 (2). pp. 67-75.

Irivboje, Oluwabusayo Adewunmi and Irivboje, Young Imienwain (2020) 452 Irivboje Oluwabusayo Adewunmi & Irivboje Young Imienwain COVID-19 PANDEMIC IMPACT ON AGRICULTURE AND FOOD SECURITY IN NIGERIA AND OTHER DEVELOPING COUNTRIES: A REVIEW. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro.

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Johnson, A. T. and Folahan, O. O. (2020) Critique of the National Policy on Technical, Vocational Education and Training (TVET) in Nigeria. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro.

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Kayode, Omowumi Titilola and Rotimi, Damilare Emmanuel and Afolayan, Olubisola Arike and Kayode, Azeez Abideen Abolanle (2020) Exploring The Basics of The Malaria Burden For Eradication Strategies. International Journal of Multidisciplinary Sciences and Advanced Technology, 1 (8). pp. 55-61.

Khadijah, O. Yusuff and Elizabeth, O. Ibidapo-Obe and Ibidapo-Obe, Elizabeth. O. (2020) X-RAYING THE USE OF PLANT BASED IMMUNOSTIMULANTS IN AQUACULTURE. In: 5, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro.

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Makanjuola, Olakunle Moses and ADEPEGBA, Adetokunbo Oluwole (2020) [EVALUATION OF QUALITY ATTRIBUTES OF BREAD PRODUCED FROM BLEACHED PALM-OIL, MARGARINE AND LARD. IOSR Journal of Environmental Science, Toxicology and Food Technology (IOSR-JESTFT), 14 (12). pp. 46-53. ISSN 2319-2399

Makanjuola, Olakunle Moses and Adebowale, J. Olalekan (2020) Vitamins, Functional and Sensory Attributes of Biscuit Produced from Wheat-Cocoyam Composite Flour. Journal of Scientific and Innovative Research, 9 (2). pp. 77-82. ISSN 2320-4818

Makanjuola, Olakunle Moses and Ajayi, Adebola (2020) CHEMICAL AND PASTING PROPERTIES OF FLOURS OBTAINED FROM THREE VARIETIES OF YAM. Global Scientific Journals, 8 (8). ISSN 2320-9186

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Noah, Abimbola A. (2020) Microbial Quality, Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of Mixed Fruit Juice Subjected to Different Preservation Methods. International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences, 9 (12). pp. 3258-3265. ISSN 2319-7706

Noah, Abimbola A. (2020) Microbiological Evaluation of Laboratory Prepared Suya and Vendor Samples in Ilaro, Ogun State Nigeria. International Journal of Pathogen Research, 5 (4). pp. 105-111. ISSN 2582-3876

Noah, Abimbola A. and AFUYE, OLUSEKE F (2020) PRODUCTION, SHELFLIFE STUDY AND SENSORY EVALUATION OF TWO VARIETIES OF PLANTAIN FLOUR FOR “AMALA” PUDDING. In: 3rd National Conference, School of Science, Adeniran Ogunsanya College Of Education, Lagos, 9th-11th December, 2020, 9th-11th December, 2020, Lagos.

Noah, Abimbola A. and Adedeji, M.A (2020) Quality assessment of cookies produced from wheat and red kidney bean flour. International Journal of Food and Nutritional Sciences. pp. 1-4.

Noah, Abimbola A. and Akinsola, B.B. (2020) NUTRITIONAL, MICROBIAL AND SENSORY QUALITIES OF CAKE MADE FROM WHEAT FLOUR FORTIFIED WITH SESAME SEED AND CARROT FLOUR. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro.

Noah, Abimbola A. and Alaba, K.E (2020) PROXIMATE AND MINERAL COMPOSITION OF FIVE LEAFY VEGETABLES COMMONLY CONSUMED IN OGUN STATE. In: 1st International Conference of The Federal Polytechnic, Ekowe, Balyesa State, Dec 9- 10, 2020., Dec 9- 10, 2020., 1st International Conference of The Federal Polytechnic, Ekowe, Balyesa State..

Noah, Abimbola A. and Alagamba, E. A. (2020) Microbial and Sensory Quality of Pito Beverage Treated With Moringa Seed and Ginger Extract. In: 15th Annual Research Conference and Fare, Lagos, Nigeria. Sept. 22-23, 2020, 22-23, 2020, Lagos, Nigeria. Sept..

Noah, Abimbola A. and Alagamba, E. A. (2020) Microbial, proximate and sensory quality of pito beverage locally prepared and hawked in Ogun State, Nigeria. European Journal of Biotechnology and Bioscience, 8 (6). pp. 35-39. ISSN 2321-9122

Noah, Abimbola A. and Banjo, O.A (2020) Microbial, Nutrient Composition and Sensory Qualities of Cookies Fortified with Red Kidney Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) and Moringa Seeds (Moringa oleifera). International Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology, 5 (3). pp. 152-158. ISSN 2578-9678

Noah, Abimbola A. and Omoyeni, Serah E. (2020) Evaluation of Nutritional, Microbial and Sensory Attributes of Rice Tuwo Flour Fortified with Soy and Plantain Flour Blends. Journal of Advances in Microbiology, 20 (9). pp. 121-129. ISSN 2456-7116

Noah, Abimbola A. and Salam, N. O (2020) Effect of Lactic Acid Bacteria on Microbial, Proximate and Sensory Qualities of Nono (A Nigerian Fermented Milk Product). International Journal of Microbiology and Application, 7 (1). pp. 1-5. ISSN 2381-4438

Noah, Abimbola A. and Yusuf, Mustapha A (2020) Nutritional and Sensory Qualities of Kunu-Zaki (A Non-alcoholic Local Beverage) Producd from Sorghum and Date Fruit. American Journal of Food Science and Nutrition Research, 7 (1). pp. 1-5. ISSN 2381-6228

Nwokorie, Edwin Chigozie and Ayogu, Chinwe Anthonia (2020) ACCEPTABILITY OF SELECTED INDIGENOUS RICE FOR SALE IN LOCAL RESTAURANTS IN NIGERIA. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, 10th – 11th Nov., 2020, The Federal Polytechnic, Ilaro.

Nwokorie, Edwin Chigozie and BALOGUN, SHERIF BABAJIDE (2020) INTERNAL CONTROL SYSTEMS AND HOTEL FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE IN ABEOKUTA, NIGERIA. In: Proceedings of Conference at the th 14 International Conference of Hospitality and Tourism Management Association of Nigeria, Held at Port Harcourt, Nigeria., 12TH - 13TH NOVEMBER, 2020, Port Harcourt, Nigeria..

Nwokorie, Edwin Chigozie and KWUSI, N. R (2020) Sensory Assessment of Fish Types Prepared by Moist Cooking Methods for Sale in Restaurants in Ilaro, Nigeria. FEPI-JOPAS 2020, 2 (1). pp. 1-10. ISSN 2714-2532

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ODUWOBI, O. O. and Alagamba, E. A. (2020) COVID-19: THE NASCENT, SEEMINGLY INVINCIBLE FOE. Journal of Sciences and Multidisciplinary Research, 12 (2). pp. 60-83. ISSN ISSN: 2277-0135

OLABIMTAN, O. H and Okibe, O. P and Adegboyo, O. O. and Aboki, M. A and Abubakar, Z. and Abdulkarim, Y. M and Ashade, N. O and Yahaya, Y. (2020) ADSORPTION OF LEAD IONS (PB2+) FROM AQUEOUS SOLUTION WITH TETRA-ETHYL ORTHOSILICATE MODIFIED SILICA-IRON OXIDE (SI-FE3O4) MAGNETIC NANO-ADSORBENT. IJCIRAS |, 2 (9). pp. 26-34. ISSN 2581-5334

Odebiyi, B. R. and Halidu, S. K. and Odunlami, S. S. and Osaguona, P. O. and Adewale, R. O. (2020) HATMAN JOURNAL of HOSPITALITY and TOURISM. HOSPITALITY and TOURISM MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION OF NIGERIA (HATMAN)., 10 (2). pp. 1-44. ISSN 2276-8297

Oderinde, A. Adewale (2020) INTRODUCTORY PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CALCULATIONS. In: INTRODUCTORY PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY CALCULATIONS. GA & A Books (Div. of GA & A Mgt Consultants Ltd), Suite A8, Super Standard Complex 4, Orelope Street, Orelope Bus Stop, Egbede-Idimu Road Alimosho, Lagos., pp. 1-126. ISBN 978-978-993-295—5

Oderinde, A. Adewale and Ibikunle, A .A and Bakre, L. G. and Babarinde, N. A. (2020) Derivatisation Improved the Physicochemical and Morphological Properties of Treculia africana (Decne) Kernel Starch. In: Faculty of Science International Conference, FOSIC 2020, Lagos State University, Ojo, Lagos, Nigeria, 2020, Lagos State.

Oderinde, A. Adewale and Ibikunle, A .A and Bakre, L. G. and Babarinde, N. A. (2020) Modification of African breadfruit (Treculia africana, Decne) kernel starch: Physicochemical, morphological, pasting, and thermal properties. International Journal of Biological Macromolecules. 79 -87.

Oderinde, A. Adewale and Odukale, E. O. (2020) CHARACTERISATION OF CITRATE STARCHES OF TWO VARIETIES OF LOCAL COWPEAS. SPAS JOURNAL, 2 (1). pp. 55-65.

Oduobi, O. O. and Alagamba, E. A. (2020) THE NASCENT, SEEMINGLY INVINCIBLE FOE – A REVIEW PAPER. Journal of Sciences and Multidisciplinary Research, 12 (2). pp. 60-83. ISSN 2277-0135

Ogunseitan, Taiwo Olusola and Lawal, Raimot Adepeju (2020) Proceedings of the 29th Annual National Congress of the Rural Sociological Association of Nigeria (RuSAN) 196 SMALLHOLDER FARMERS’ OBSERVABLE EFFECTS OF CLIMATE VARIATIONS ON TOMATO YIELD AND ADAPTATION STRATEGIES IN IMEKO AFON, LOCAL GOVERNMENT, OGUN STATE NIGERIA Ogunseitan, T. O. and Lawal, R. A. Department of Agricultural Technology. Federal Polytechnic Ilaro, Ogun State, Nigeria ABSTRACT Climate variability is one of the most serious environmental threats facing mankind worldwide. It affects agriculture in several ways, including its direct impact on food production such as production of tomato. This study assessed smallholder farmers’ observable effects of climate variations on tomato yield and adaptation strategies in Imeko Afon. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 294 tomato farmers from 12 rural communities. The study area was chosen due to highest number of tomato farmers. Well-structured questionnaire and interview Schedule were used to obtain data on the observable effects of climate variations on tomato yield, various adaptation strategies used by the farmers and also socio-economic characteristics of tomato farmers. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics and Pearson’s Chi-square test. The findings revealed that 88.4%, 77.1%, and 68.0% of the respondents strongly agreed that unstable planting season, unpredictable timing of harvest and reduced yield of tomato respectively were common observable effects of climate variation on tomato production. Chi-square test reveals that, that there is significant (p≤0.05) relationship between socio-economic characteristics and adaptation strategies used. Therefore, climate variations negatively affect tomato production leading to poor yield and high financial lost in the study area. Using of irrigation system and improved varieties were recommended. Keywords: Climate variation, small holder farmers, tomato production, adaptation strategies INTRODUCTION One of the biggest environmental challenges bedeviling mankind in this 21st century is the changing climate across the globe (Datta, 2013). According to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC, 2007), the climate is said to have changed when there is a direct or indirect alteration of the composition of the global atmosphere, which is in addition to natural climate variability observed over comparable time periods. Climate variability looks at changes that occur within smaller timeframes, such as a month, a season or a year. According to Federal Office of Statistics (1999), small scale farmers are farmers whose production capacity falls between 0.1 and 4.99 hectares holding. Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) belongs to the family Lycopersicon. Tomato will grow anywhere in Nigeria; provided there is regular supply of water, however the crop does well in the savanna zone than the forest zone because diseases and pests are less prevalent (Kelley and Boyhan, 2010). The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC, 2007) defines climate adaptation as initiatives and measures to reduce the vulnerability of natural and human systems against actual or expected climate change effects. Adaptation can therefore be regarded as the ability of a system to adjust to climate change (including climate variability and extremes) to moderate potential damages, to take advantage of opportunities, or to cope with the consequences. Operationally, climate adaptation as used in this work refers to the various strategies adopted to respond to harsh climatic conditions. The papers therefore, determines the farmers’ observable effects of climate variations on tomato yield and also determine the level of significant relationship between adaptation strategies and socio-economic characteristics of tomato farmers. METHODOLOGY The study was carried out in Imeko Afon Local government area of Ogun State, South West of Nigeria. Imeko Afon local government area was purposively chosen because the Local Government is the highest producer of Tomato. Purposive sampling technique was used to select 294 tomato farmers from 12 rural communities. Data were collected with wellstructured questionnaires and interview schedule from tomato farmers. Data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and Pearson’s Chi-square test. Proceedings of the 29th Annual National Congress of the Rural Sociological Association of Nigeria (RuSAN) 197 RESULTS AND DISCUSSSION Farmers’ observable effect of climate variations on tomato yield Table 1 shows the observable effect of climate variations on tomato yield. It was revealed that, averagely 47% of the farmers strongly agreed that climate variation has increased harmful effect on weeds while 53% of the farmers agreed that climate variation has increased harmful effect of weeds while none of the respondents disagree. This shows that climate variation has increased harmful effect of weeds on tomato yield because the variation in climate favours the weeds to grow very well to the detriment of the tomato plant. Table 1 explained other observable effect of climate variations on tomato yield. Table 1: Farmers observable effect of Climate variation on tomato yield Observable effects SA A U SD D Increased harmful effect of weeds 9.9 90.1 0 0 0 Reduced the yield of tomato 68.0 32 0 0 0 Caused more diseases harmful to tomato crop 14.6 85.4 0 0 0 Caused more insect pest harmful to tomato crop 14.6 85.4 0 0 0 Caused dehydration in tomato crop 52.0 48.0 0 0 0 Reduced the total farmland cultivated with tomato 33.3 66.7 0 0 0 Made timing of harvest unpredictable 71.7 28.3 0 0 0 Negatively affected planting season 88.4 11.6 0 0 0 Made tomato farming enterprise unprofitable Mean 70.1 47 29.9 53 0 0 0 0 0 0 *SA-Strongly Agreed, A-Agreed, U- Undecided, SD-Strongly Disagreed, D- Disagreed Source: Field survey, 2019 *Multiple responses Relationship between adaptation strategies and socioeconomic characteristics of the tomato farmers The socio-economic characteristics of tomato farmers that were selected for these studies are; age, sex, household sizes, occupation, educational background and years of experience on operation. The adaptation strategies that were used by tomato farmers are; altering planting date, switching to tomato variety, application of irrigation, planting early or late maturing tomato variety, planting tomato crops on fadama lands, planting pest and disease resistance, altering of tillage methods, application of green or organic manure. Details are presented in Table 2. Chisquare results shows that, significant relationship existed between altering planting date, period and extension visits (X2 = 12.092; p = 0.01). Switching to tomato variety more adaptable was statistically related to education levels (X2 = 12.092; p = 0.01), farming experience (X2 = 2.85; p = 0.04) and extension visits (X2 = 15.013; p = 0.001). Application of irrigation was significantly related to levels of education (X2 = 14.489; p = 0.002), farming experience (X2 = 28.981; p = 0.000) and extension visits (X2 = 10.165; p = 0.001). Planting early or late maturing tomato variety had significant relationship with age (X2 = 9.963; p = 0.041), education (X2 = 21.696; p = 0.000), household size (X2 = 14.940; p = 0.02) and farming experience (X2 = 15.545; p = 0.04). Planting pest and disease resistance variety was significantly related to education (X2 = 10.850; p = 0.013) and farming experience (X2 = 10.034; p = 0.040). Altering of tillage method had significantly relationship with education (X2 = 18.877; p = 0.004), farming experience (X2 = 31.663; p = 0.000) and extension visits (X2 = 11.733; p = 0.003). The results conclude that, there is a significant relationship between adaptation strategies and some socio-economic characteristics Proceedings of the 29th Annual National Congress of the Rural Sociological Association of Nigeria (RuSAN) 198 such as age, household size, farming experience and training from extension agents at 5% significant level. Proceedings of the 29th Annual National Congress of the Rural Sociological Association of Nigeria (RuSAN) 199 Table 2: Results of Chi-Square analysis showing relationship between adaptation strategies and socioeconomic characteristics of the tomato farmers Variables APDT STV APIRR PELMT PTCFL PPDR ATM AGOM X2 P – value X2 P - value X2 P – value X2 P – value X2 P - value X2 P-value X2 P-value X2 Pvalue Age 7.234 0.124 4.346 0.825 2.978 0.562 9.963 0.041* 0.618 0.961 7.730 1.02 12.170 0.144 1.417 0.841 Sex 1.174 0.279 0.282 0.868 0.863 0.353 1.547 0.214 1.018 0.313 0.102 0.749 0.498 0.780 0.860 0.354 Marital Status 0.394 0.821 1.859 0.762 1.062 0.588 4.080 0.130 0.616 0.735 1.562 0.458 6.063 0.195 0.423 0.809 Education 10.618 0.14 21.311 0.002* 14.482 0.002* 21.696 0.000* 0.113 0.990 10.850 0.013* 18.877 0.004* 1.941 0.585 Household Size 5.303 0.15 3.941 0.685 1.366 0.714 14.940 0.02* 0.864 0.834 6.811 0.078 10.471 0.106 1.403 0.705 Farming Experience 13.188 0.10 22.857 0.04* 28.981 0.000* 15.545 0.04* 3.334 0.504 10.034 0.040* 31.663 0.000* 4.624 0.328 Extension Visits 12.09 0.01* 15.013 0.001* 10.165 0.001* 1.292 0.256 0.933 0.334 0.219 0.640 11.733 0.003* 0.243 0.622 Note: APDT = Altering planting Date; STV = Switching to Tomato Variety; APIRR = Application of Irrigation; PELMT = Planting Early or Late Maturing Tomato Variety; PTCFL = Planting Tomato Crops on Fadama Lands; PPDR = Planting Pest and Disease Resistance; ATM = Altering of Tillage Methods; AGOM = Application of Green or organic Manure. * represent significant level (p-value) at 5% Source: Field Survey, 2019 Proceedings of the 29th Annual National Congress of the Rural Sociological Association of Nigeria (RuSAN) 200 CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Indeed, climate variations in Imeko Afon local government area really have harmful effect on tomato farmers in the study area. There were poor yield and discouragement of expanding their hectarage of land due to lose of financial gains and cannot meet their house hold needs. Therefore, Nigerian Meteorological Agency (NIMET) should make use of Extension Agents to keep the tomato farmers informed about predictions of climate variations from time to time and also government should encourage the farmers to use irrigation system by giving funds to the farmers in order to use it. REFERENCES Datta, S. (2013). Impact of Climate Change in Indian Horticulture - A Review, International Journal of Science, Environment and Technology, 661– 671. Federal Office of Statistics (1999). Poverty and Agricultural Sector in Nigeria, Poverty. Food and Agriculture Organisation of United Nation (2008). Production Year Book, pp.326. IPCC, 2007: Climate change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Solomon, S.D. 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