Abiaziem, C. V and Williams, A. B. and Inegbenebor, A. I. and Onwordi, C.T. and Petrik, L. F. (2019) Preparation, Characterisation and Physicochemical Properties of Cellulose Nanocrystals from Cassava Peel. In: 14th International Conference on Materials Chemistry (MC14) Aston University, Birmingham, UK,, 8th- 11th July, 2019, Birmingham, UK.
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Abstract
This study was carried out to investigate the potential use of cassava peel as a source of cellulose and nanocrystalline cellulose. Isolation of cellulose from cassava peel was prepared by using two pretreatments methods; alkaline treatment and bleaching with acidified sodium chlorite. Acid hydrolysis was performed at 450C for 45 mins using 64% concentration sulphuric acid. The extracted cellulose nanocrystal (CNC) of the cassava peel was characterised using, scanning electron microscope (SEM), x-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and zeta potential analysis. Physicochemical properties of the samples were studied. From the SEM images, features of the cellulose nanocrystal in the cassava peel, showed that there was a reduction in the fibrillar structure size and intermittent breakdown in fibrillar structure into individualize fibrils; the TEM images showed that the cassava peel sample is spherical in shape, conglutinated and fixed with each other. The FTIR spectra of the CNC was identified as cellulose structures that showed effective removal of amorphous materials. XRD showed that the crystallinity index increased progressively from the raw to the CNC with CNC crystallinity index of 99.86 % and a particle size of 5.56 nm. The TGA curve revealed a good thermal stability for CNC. The Zeta Potential revealed a negative surface charge of -20.7±8.12 mV and a polydispersity index of 0.633. The results showed effective extraction of CNC from cassava peel (a waste material from agricultural process). This material has potential for various industrial applications such as in medicine, adsorption of toxic metals, bio-nanocomposites, food packaging etc.
| Item Type: | Conference or Workshop Item (Paper) |
|---|---|
| Subjects: | Q Science > Q Science (General) |
| Divisions: | Faculty of Engineering, Science and Mathematics > School of Chemistry |
| Depositing User: | Mr Taiwo Egbeyemi |
| Date Deposited: | 02 Jun 2020 15:22 |
| Last Modified: | 02 Jun 2020 15:22 |
| URI: | http://eprints.federalpolyilaro.edu.ng/id/eprint/325 |
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